Sunscreen: Back to Basics
As spring and summer roll around and we start to spend more days and hours outside, we need to protect our skin. “One in five Americans will develop skin cancer; that is an alarming statistic,” says Lubomira Scherschun MD, dermatologist for PIH Health. “Yet we can lower our risk of skin cancer just by wearing sunscreen.” Before the summer season rolls in, it helps to understand the basics of sunscreen and how to use it to protect your precious skin.
Quick Facts
- There are two types of sunscreens: chemical and physical. Chemical sunscreens use synthetic ingredients to help the skin filter harmful rays. Physical sunscreens (also known as sunblock) are made with natural minerals to reflect away harmful rays.
- Broad-spectrum sunscreens help protect against both UVA and UVB rays. Although they may be water-resistant, they are not waterproof.
- UVA rays cause the skin to age more quickly; they penetrate deeper into the dermis and break down collagen thus increasing wrinkles and brown spots.
- UVB rays affect the top layers of skin cells where sunburns and cancer are formed.
- Even on cloudy days, about 80 percent of the sun’s damaging rays get through. On days with a moderate to high UV index, you should still protect yourself with sunscreen, hats and long sleeves.
- All skin tones benefit from sunscreen. Fair or dark, young or old, sun damage affects everyone.
Rules to Remember
- Always wear sunscreen.
- Apply sunscreen 20 minutes before going outside and reapply every 40 to 80 minutes depending on what you’re doing (exercising, swimming, sweating, etc.).
- Avoid being in the sun during days with a moderate to high UV index (anything over 2) as well as during peak hours, 10 am to 4 pm. Avoid outdoor activity on days with a UV index of 11+ altogether, if possible.
- An ounce of sunscreen goes a long way.
If you have any questions about your skin or if you are looking for a dermatologist in or near your area, visit PIHHealth.org/Dermatology.
