Symptoms of Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
Many people are concerned about the possibility of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or sexually transmitted disease (STD), but are uncomfortable approaching their doctor about it. Having the right knowledge can make it easier to talk about. Here is some helpful information regarding STIs, including the most typical symptoms, what to do if you have symptoms or exposure and how to avoid contracting a STI.
What is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
“Sexually transmitted infection (STI) refers to infections brought on by bacteria, viruses, or parasites that are often spread from one person to another by some sort of sexual contact,” explains PIH Health Physician Laura Bishop DO. These infections can also be spread by non-sexual means such as needle sharing, blood transfusions or from infected mothers to their unborn children.
What are symptoms of some of the most common STIs?
The most widespread STIs are bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, genital herpes, gonorrhea, hepatitis, HIV, HPV, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), syphilis and trichomoniasis.
You may have one of these STIs if you experience any of the following:
- Pain or burning during urination or sex
- Genital discharge
- Sores or bumps on your genitals, anus or around your mouth
- Unexplained vaginal bleeding
- Lower abdominal pain
- Swollen lymph nodes in the groin (may also be in other parts of the body)
- Rash on your torso, hands or feet
- Fever
Laura Bishop DO shares, “Symptoms will be different depending on what STI you have.” People frequently show no symptoms. Yet, if a STI is left untreated, you risk developing difficulties even if you don't currently exhibit any symptoms and will still be able to infect others. Many STIs are curable while STDs are treatable. Curable STIs include gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia. Some, such as genital herpes and HIV/AIDs, can be treated and controlled but not cured.
Think you might have an STI? Here’s what to do.
Talk to your physician if you believe you have an STI or may have been exposed. STIs are simple to test for and the majority are curable. Certain STIs have the potential to have major side effects, but the sooner you discover your infection and can start receiving treatment, the better.
How can you prevent getting or transmitting an STI?
While there is no guarantee that you won’t get an STI if you have sex or share needles, here are some ways to lower your risk:
- Don’t have unprotected sex. Always use a latex condom properly.
- Be aware of the number of sexual partners you have. The chance of contracting a STI increases with the number of partners you have sex with.
- Get tested. Before engaging in sexual activities with a new partner, you both should undergo STI tests.
- Don’t share needles. Needle sharing can spread STIs, especially serious ones like HIV and hepatitis.
- Get vaccinated. You can’t prevent all STIs with vaccination, but there are vaccines available to protect against HPV, hepatitis A and hepatitis B.
To find a physician visit PIHHealth.org/Doctors.
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